TLDR: Russia has successfully tested the nuclear-powered Burevestnik cruise missile, with President Putin claiming it has “unlimited range” and is “invincible” to current and future defenses. The October 21, 2025, flight lasted 15 hours over 14,000 km, and deployment preparations are now underway.
Missile Test and Announcement
- Russia tested the 9M730 Burevestnik (NATO: SSC-X-9 Skyfall) on October 21, 2025; the missile flew approximately 14,000 km (8,700 miles) for about 15 hours using nuclear propulsion.
- President Putin called the Burevestnik “invincible” to missile defenses, citing nearly unlimited range and an unpredictable flight path.
- The test success was announced October 26, 2025, with orders to prepare for operational deployment.
Technical Details
- Burevestnik is powered by a nuclear thermal ramjet, letting it remain airborne for days or weeks and travel globally.
- The missile can fly at low altitude (<100 meters) and maneuver to evade detection and interception.
- Capable of carrying nuclear warheads up to 10 megatons, the missile is designed for second-strike roles against fortified targets.
Strategic and Political Impact
- The test comes as part of Russia’s broader effort to counter U.S. missile defense and assert strategic parity during tensions over Ukraine.
- Putin conducted the announcement in military fatigues at a command post, reinforcing a message of deterrence amid Western sanctions and U.S. support for Ukraine.
- Military leaders, including Chief of Staff Valery Gerasimov, confirmed the missile’s unique capabilities and readiness for deployment.
International Concerns
- Western experts highlight possible vulnerability to detection despite maneuverability, and warn of radiation risks from its nuclear engine (“flying Chernobyl” nickname).
- The test is seen as escalating global nuclear tensions, especially with arms control treaties facing uncertainty (New START expires 2026).
- Analysts call for diplomatic measures to prevent further destabilization and accidental escalation in Europe.
Context and Reactions
- The Burevestnik joins other Russian strategic weapons unveiled since 2018 to offset perceived NATO/U.S. military advantages.
- Reactions in Russia are proud; global responses focus on proliferation concerns and the demands for renewed arms control talks.